if you need more than one keyword, modify and separate by underscore _
the list of search keywords can be up to 50 characters long
if you modify the keywords, press enter within the field to confirm the new search key
Tag: seamlessly
Bibliography items where occurs: 90
- From Military to Healthcare: Adopting and Expanding Ethical Principles for Generative Artificial Intelligence / 2308.02448 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.02448 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Applications in Military Versus Healthcare
- Dual Governance: The intersection of centralized regulation and crowdsourced safety mechanisms for Generative AI / 2308.04448 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.04448 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2 Background
- Exploring the Power of Creative AI Tools and Game-Based Methodologies for Interactive Web-Based Programming / 2308.11649 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.11649 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Emergence of Creative AI Tools and Game-Based Methodologies
4 Enhancing User Experience through Creative AI Tools - Building Trust in Conversational AI: A Comprehensive Review and Solution Architecture for Explainable, Privacy-Aware Systems using LLMs and Knowledge Graph / 2308.13534 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.13534 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Abstract
VII. Discussions - Pathway to Future Symbiotic Creativity / 2209.02388 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.02388 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Part 2 - 2 Motion Caputer Technologies and Motion Data
- FUTURE-AI: Guiding Principles and Consensus Recommendations for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging / 2109.09658 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2109.09658 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5. Usability - For Effective and Beneficial AI in Medical Imaging
- Security Considerations in AI-Robotics: A Survey of Current Methods, Challenges, and Opportunities / 2310.08565 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.08565 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- I. Introduction and Motivation
- ClausewitzGPT Framework: A New Frontier in Theoretical Large Language Model Enhanced Information Operations / 2310.07099 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.07099 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- ClausewitzGPT and Modern Strategy
Conclusion - A Survey of Large Language Models for Healthcare: from Data, Technology, and Applications to Accountability and Ethics / 2310.05694 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.05694 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2. What LLMs can do for healthcare? from fundamental tasks to
advanced applications
- Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Industry / 2310.05414 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.05414 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 7. Future Research Direction
- Human participants in AI research: Ethics and transparency in practice / 2311.01254 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.01254 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- I. Introduction
- Unlocking the Potential of ChatGPT: A Comprehensive Exploration of its Applications, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Directions in Natural Language Processing / 2304.02017 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.02017 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4 Applications of ChatGPT in real-world scenarios
5 Advantages of ChatGPT in natural language processing - A Brief History of Prompt: Leveraging Language Models. (Through Advanced Prompting) / 2310.04438 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.04438 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- XI. 2022-current: beyond language generation
- Synergizing Human-AI Agency: A Guide of 23 Heuristics for Service Co-Creation with LLM-Based Agents / 2310.15065 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.15065 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5 Discussion
- Large Language Models in Education: Vision and Opportunities / 2311.13160 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.13160 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- V. Key points in LLMSEDU
- RAISE -- Radiology AI Safety, an End-to-end lifecycle approach / 2311.14570 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.14570 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3. Production deployment monitoring phase
- From Lab to Field: Real-World Evaluation of an AI-Driven Smart Video Solution to Enhance Community Safety / 2312.02078 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.02078 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Software system features
- Understanding Teacher Perspectives and Experiences after Deployment of AI Literacy Curriculum in Middle-school Classrooms / 2312.04839 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.04839 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Results
- RE-centric Recommendations for the Development of Trustworthy(er) Autonomous Systems / 2306.01774 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.01774 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 1 Introduction
- MULTI-CASE: A Transformer-based Ethics-aware Multimodal Investigative Intelligence Framework / 2401.01955 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.01955 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- V. Evaluation
- Towards Responsible AI in Banking: Addressing Bias for Fair Decision-Making / 2401.08691 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.08691 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Abstract
- Trust and ethical considerations in a multi-modal, explainable AI-driven chatbot tutoring system: The case of collaboratively solving Rubik's CubeĆ / 2402.01760 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2402.01760 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4. Discussion
- The European Commitment to Human-Centered Technology: The Integral Role of HCI in the EU AI Act's Success / 2402.14728 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2402.14728 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4 There is no trustworthy AI without HCI
- A Survey on Human-AI Teaming with Large Pre-Trained Models / 2403.04931 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.04931 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Effective Human-AI Joint Systems
- Towards a Privacy and Security-Aware Framework for Ethical AI: Guiding the Development and Assessment of AI Systems / 2403.08624 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.08624 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 7 Conclusion
- Safeguarding Marketing Research: The Generation, Identification, and Mitigation of AI-Fabricated Disinformation / 2403.14706 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.14706 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Introduction
Methodology
Results - The Journey to Trustworthy AI- Part 1 Pursuit of Pragmatic Frameworks / 2403.15457 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.15457 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 1 Context
3 Complexities and Challenges - Exploring the Nexus of Large Language Models and Legal Systems: A Short Survey / 2404.00990 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.00990 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2 Applications of Large Language Models in Legal Tasks
- Is Your AI Truly Yours? Leveraging Blockchain for Copyrights, Provenance, and Lineage / 2404.06077 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.06077 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- I. Introduction
III. Proposed Design: IBIS - Large Language Model Supply Chain: A Research Agenda / 2404.12736 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.12736 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5 Downstream Ecosystem
- War Elephants: Rethinking Combat AI and Human Oversight / 2404.19573 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.19573 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4 Discussion
- Organizing a Society of Language Models: Structures and Mechanisms for Enhanced Collective Intelligence / 2405.03825 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.03825 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Proposed Organizational Forms
- Responsible AI for Earth Observation / 2405.20868 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.20868 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Secure AI in EO: Focusing on Defense Mechanisms, Uncertainty Modeling and
Explainability
- Promoting Fairness and Diversity in Speech Datasets for Mental Health and Neurological Disorders Research / 2406.04116 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.04116 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4. Desiderata
- The Ethics of Interaction: Mitigating Security Threats in LLMs / 2401.12273 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.12273 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4 Towards Ethical Mitigation: A Proposed Methodology
- Global AI Governance in Healthcare: A Cross-Jurisdictional Regulatory Analysis / 2406.08695 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.08695 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- A Supplemental Tables
- Federated Learning driven Large Language Models for Swarm Intelligence: A Survey / 2406.09831 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.09831 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. Federated LLMs for Smarm Intelligence
- Applications of Generative AI in Healthcare: algorithmic, ethical, legal and societal considerations / 2406.10632 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.10632 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- II. Selection of application
- Conversational Agents as Catalysts for Critical Thinking: Challenging Design Fixation in Group Design / 2406.11125 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.11125 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2 BEYOND RECOMMENDATIONS:
ENHANCING CRITICAL THINKING WITH
GENERATIVE AI
- Leveraging Large Language Models for Patient Engagement: The Power of Conversational AI in Digital Health
/ 2406.13659 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.13659 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. CASE STUDIES : APPLICATIONS OF LLM S IN PATIENT
ENGAGEMENT
- Bridging the Global Divide in AI Regulation: A Proposal for a Contextual, Coherent, and Commensurable Framework / 2303.11196 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.11196 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. Striking a Balance Betweeen the Two Approaches
- Past, Present, and Future: A Survey of The Evolution of Affective Robotics For Well-being / 2407.02957 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.02957 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- VI. Future Opportunities in Affective Robotivs
for Well-Being
- Thorns and Algorithms: Navigating Generative AI Challenges Inspired by Giraffes and Acacias / 2407.11360 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.11360 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5 Meta Analysis: Limits of the Analogy
- Recent Advances in Generative AI and Large Language Models: Current Status, Challenges, and Perspectives / 2407.14962 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.14962 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- II. Generative AI
III. Language Modeling - Neuro-Symbolic AI for Military Applications / 2408.09224 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.09224 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- II. Neuro-Symbolic AI
V. Challenges and Risks - Catalog of General Ethical Requirements for AI Certification / 2408.12289 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.12289 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 11 Truthfulness (TR)
12 Concluding Remarks - Has Multimodal Learning Delivered Universal Intelligence in Healthcare? A Comprehensive Survey / 2408.12880 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.12880 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 7 Challenges and Future Directions
- Aligning XAI with EU Regulations for Smart Biomedical Devices: A Methodology for Compliance Analysis / 2408.15121 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.15121 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Methodology
- DetoxBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Multitask Fraud & Abuse Detection / 2409.06072 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.06072 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 10 Appendix
- Synthetic Human Memories: AI-Edited Images and Videos Can Implant False Memories and Distort Recollection / 2409.08895 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.08895 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2 Methodology
- Artificial Human Intelligence: The role of Humans in the Development of Next Generation AI / 2409.16001 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.16001 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- IV. Human-Level AI and Challenges/Perspectives
- Clinnova Federated Learning Proof of Concept: Key Takeaways from a Cross-border Collaboration / 2410.02443 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.02443 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. FL System Elements
- A Simulation System Towards Solving Societal-Scale Manipulation / 2410.13915 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.13915 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 1 Introduction
- Redefining Finance: The Influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) / 2410.15951 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.15951 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Current Perspective on AI & ML in Finance
- Ethical Leadership in the Age of AI Challenges, Opportunities and Framework for Ethical Leadership / 2410.18095 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.18095 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Recommendations for Leaders
- Where Assessment Validation and Responsible AI Meet / 2411.02577 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.02577 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Integrating Classical Validation Theory and Responsible AI
- A Comprehensive Review of Multimodal XR Applications, Risks, and Ethical Challenges in the Metaverse / 2411.04508 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.04508 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2. Multimodal Interaction Across the Virtual Continuum
4. Potential Risks and Ethical Challenges of XR and the Metaverse - Improving governance outcomes through AI documentation: Bridging theory and practice / 2409.08960 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.08960 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 7 Conclusions
- A Survey on Medical Large Language Models: Technology, Application, Trustworthiness, and Future Directions / 2406.03712 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.03712 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- V. Applying Medical LLMs
- Collaborative Participatory Research with LLM Agents in South Asia: An Empirically-Grounded Methodological Initiative and Agenda from Field Evidence in Sri Lanka / 2411.08294 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.08294 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Proposed LLM4Participatory Research
Framework
- Generative AI in Multimodal User Interfaces: Trends, Challenges, and Cross-Platform Adaptability / 2411.10234 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.10234 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- I. Introduction
II. Problem Statement: the Interface Dilemma
III. History and Evolution of User Interfaces
IV. Current App Frameworks and AI Integration
VI. Limitations, Challenges, and Future Directions for AI-Driven Interfaces
VIII. Conclusion - GPT versus Humans: Uncovering Ethical Concerns in Conversational Generative AI-empowered Multi-Robot Systems / 2411.14009 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.14009 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2 Background
- Privacy-Preserving Video Anomaly Detection: A Survey / 2411.14565 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.14565 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- V. Edge-Cloud Intelligencve Empowered P2VAD
- AI-Augmented Ethical Hacking: A Practical Examination of Manual Exploitation and Privilege Escalation in Linux Environments / 2411.17539 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.17539 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 6 Discussion: Benefits, Risks and Limitations
- CERN for AI: A Theoretical Framework for Autonomous Simulation-Based Artificial Intelligence Testing and Alignment / 2312.09402 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.09402 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Methods
- AI Ethics in Smart Homes: Progress, User Requirements and Challenges / 2412.09813 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2412.09813 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4 AI Ethics from User Requirements' Perspective
7 Conclusions - Trust and Dependability in Blockchain & AI Based MedIoT Applications: Research Challenges and Future Directions / 2501.02647 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.02647 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Ten Challenges & Future Research Directions
- A Blockchain-Enabled Approach to Cross-Border Compliance and Trust / 2501.09182 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.09182 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. Design Principles and Methodology
- Uncovering Bias in Foundation Models: Impact, Testing, Harm, and Mitigation / 2501.10453 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.10453 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Conclusion
- The Human-AI Handshake Framework: A Bidirectional Approach to Human-AI Collaboration / 2502.01493 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.01493 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Literature Review
- Comprehensive Framework for Evaluating Conversational AI Chatbots / 2502.06105 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06105 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. Proposed Framework
- Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence in ADRD: A Framework for Streamlining Diagnosis and Care in Neurodegenerative Diseases
/ 2502.06842 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06842 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- High Quality Data Collection
- On the Trustworthiness of Generative Foundation Models: Guideline, Assessment, and Perspective / 2502.14296 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.14296 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 7 Benchmarking Vision-Language Models
9 Trustworthiness in Downstream Applications - Surgical Scene Understanding in the Era of Foundation AI Models: A Comprehensive Review / 2502.14886 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.14886 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- III. ML/DL Applications in Surgical Tool Recognition
VI. Open Issues and Future Research Directions in Surgical Scene Understanding
VII. Conclusion - Personas Evolved: Designing Ethical LLM-Based Conversational Agent Personalities / 2502.20513 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.20513 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 1 Theme and Goals
- An LLM-based Delphi Study to Predict GenAI Evolution / 2502.21092 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.21092 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Results
- Transforming Cyber Defense: Harnessing Agentic and Frontier AI for Proactive, Ethical Threat Intelligence / 2503.00164 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.00164 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Abstract
5 Building an AI Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) Program - HH4AI: A methodological Framework for AI Human Rights impact assessment under the EUAI ACT / 2503.18994 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.18994 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 2 Legal and Regulatory Background
- Generative AI and News Consumption: Design Fictions and Critical Analysis / 2503.20391 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20391 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 4 Results
- Towards Adaptive AI Governance: Comparative Insights from the U.S., EU, and Asia / 2504.00652 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.00652 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- V. Case Study: Regional AI Governance in Autonomous Vehicle Deployment
- Systematic Literature Review: Explainable AI Definitions and Challenges in Education / 2504.02910 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.02910 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Policy and Guideline (CH6)
- A Comprehensive Survey on Integrating Large Language Models with Knowledge-Based Methods / 2501.13947 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.13947 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5. Integrating LLMs with knowledge bases
- Approaches to Responsible Governance of GenAI in Organizations / 2504.17044 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.17044 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- V. Implementation Plan: Toward Actionable GenAI Governance
- From Texts to Shields: Convergence of Large Language Models and Cybersecurity / 2505.00841 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.00841 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5 LLM Interpretability, Safety, and Security
- Navigating Privacy and Trust: AI Assistants as Social Support for Older Adults / 2505.02975 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.02975 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3 Future Work
- Advancing the Scientific Method with Large Language Models: From Hypothesis to Discovery / 2505.16477 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.16477 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- Conclusions
- A Toolkit for Compliance, a Toolkit for Justice: Drawing on Cross-sectoral Expertise to Develop a Pro-justice EU AI Act Toolkit / 2505.17165 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.17165 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 5 Reflections, Insights, and Recommendations
- Human-Centered Human-AI Collaboration (HCHAC) / 2505.22477 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.22477 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 1. Introduction
- Machine vs Machine: Using AI to Tackle Generative AI Threats in Assessment / 2506.02046 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.02046 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- 3. The Eight Elements of Static Analysis: Theoretical Justification
- Whole-Person Education for AI Engineers / 2506.09185 / ISBN:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.09185 / Published by ArXiv / on (web) Publishing site
- VII Appendix: Extracts from Participant Reflections